Published by : Rajashekar on
4/10/2023 02:05:00 pm
Parts of Speech:
The English grammar is mainly based on parts of speech. In the English language we have 8 parts of speech. The main parts of speech are noun, pronoun, adjective, determiner, verb, adverb, preposition, conjunction, and interjection.
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The prepositions are placed before a noun or pronoun show relation between noun and pronoun.
Proposition words are on, in, to, of, for, with, by, form, up, down, at, though, till, about, behind, without, above, across, within, besides, between, inside, outside, before, against, into, out of, thought out, without, within, upon.
Published by : Rajashekar on
4/08/2023 10:00:00 am
Types of Prepositions:
Prepositions show the relationship between the noun, pronouns, and other words. Answering questions about where, when and how? Now the Prepositions are multi-faceted. One can use them in different situations.
Let’s see, types of Prepositions According to Functionality:
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Prepositions of time are used to indicate the time of an action or relationship of time between nouns in the sentence.
Preposition words are at, to, in, Since, For, During etc. These prepositions denote time in the sentence and used for time of different natures.
E.g.
We are traveling abroad in the summertime.
Why don’t you come home on Sunday evening?
The home-coming is on the 7th September.
My mom gifted me a puppy on my birthday.
We gathered in the assembly hall at 7 o’ clock.
I go to school day at nine o’clock.
My result gets declared in March.
He was born in 1965.
She will go to China on 21st of April.
The concert will start at 9 O’clock.
She gets up early in the morning.
We worked a lot in the summer.
The president will deliver the speech to the public on Independence Day.
He received a lot of gifts on his birthday.
Where were you at the lunchtime?
I will call you at 11 A.M.
I was studying in the morning.
She was born on 5th of July.
I will reach there at 6 o’clock.
2. Prepositions of Place:
Prepositions of place are used to show the place where something is located. Prepositions in, on, at are usually used for different places. These prepositions are used to illustrate the location of nouns or pronouns in a sentence.
Prepositions of place words are at, in, on, while, during, near, over, under, between, behind, near etc.
E.g.
The dog is on the floor.
My home is near the office.
My home is behind the metro station.
Mom is in the room
She lives in China.
Students study in the library.
The wedding ceremony will be held in the hall.
There are some pens on the table.
The teacher wrote sentences on the blackboard.
He was flying kite on the roof.
Her parents were waiting for her at the entrance of the school.
There was a huge gathering at the bus stop.
His house is at the end of the street.
There’s a painting on the wall.
There’s a rod at the roof edge.
There’s a mouse under my chair.
Let’s get under the umbrella as it’s starting to drizzle.
There’s a key-holder behind the door.
The cat is on the tree.
John lives near his workplace.
He is in his room.
Note:On is used for the surface. At is used for the specific place.
3. Prepositions of Movement:
These are used to describe the movement of one noun or pronoun towards another noun or pronoun.
Prepositions of movement words are to, into, towards, through etc.
E.g.
I went to the bookstore.
The swimmer jumped into the pool.
The dog was coming towards him.
4. Prepositions of Direction:
Prepositions of direction are used to indicate the direction of someone or something in the sentence. These prepositions are used to illustrate the direction of nouns or pronouns in a sentence.
Prepositions of direction words are over, under, to, on, into, in, onto, right, left, between, behind, near etc.
E.g.
It's time to go to
The train is going into the tunnel.
We are going over the bridge.
They went to the college.
He jumped into the river.
He saw someone coming towards him.
She dived into the river.
All students walked towards the assembly hall.
5. Prepositions of Manner:
Prepositions of manner words are applied to describe the way or means by which something happened or happens when used in a sentence.
Prepositions of manner words are On, In, With, By, Like etc
E.g.
He goes to work by train came there in a taxi.
The boy speaks like an old man.
6. Prepositions of Measure:
Prepositions of measure words are applied to connect the quantity of the noun with the noun itself when used in a sentence.
Prepositions of measure words are of, by etc.
E.g.
I bought a pound of cheese today.
One-third of the students were present in the class.
This shop sells cloth by the yard.
7. Prepositions of Source:
Prepositions of source are applied, when it is needed to convey that one noun or pronoun has originated from another noun or pronoun in the sentence.
Prepositions of source words are from, by etc.
E.g.
The Earth receives light from the Sun.
This poem is written by me.
He did the help from gratitude.
8. Prepositions of Possession:
Prepositions of possession words are used, when it is required to indicate noun or pronoun or owns another noun or pronoun in the sentence.
Prepositions of possession words are in, with, of etc.
E.g.
I met the boy with red hair today.
The old man had no money with him.
My friend’s father is a man of wealth.
9. Prepositions of Agent or Instrument:
Prepositions of agent or instrument words are applied to indicate that an action conducted on a noun is caused by another noun when used in a sentence.
We use Preposition of the agent to show that something causes another thing in the sentence. These prepositions act as an agent between a noun and usually a verb.
Prepositions of agent or instrument words are by, with etc
E.g.
This book is written by him.
The work was completed by them.
The room was decorated by us.
The glass is filled with water.
Harry Potter was written by J.K Rowling.
Some schools are accredited by CBSE board.
She was hit by a car while she was going to school.
Hanah graduated with an honors degree.
This poem was written by Milton.
I opened my closet with a key.
She is writing with her blue pen.
10. Prepositions of Instruments, devices or Machines:
These prepositions connect instruments, machines or devices in the sentence. Prepositions can be used in many situations in many ways.
The different preposition is used by different devices, instruments or machines.
Prepositions of instrument, devices or machines words are by, with, on etc.
E.g.
She came to the wedding party by train.
I made a hole in the wall with the help of a drill for the waste-pipe.
My brother opened the lock with a hairpin.
The car is on the road.
She comes by bus daily.
He opened the lock with key.
Note: Prepositions don’t translate from one language to the other. Prepositions and their use vary across languages. Some Prepositions are used after verbs to make the prepositional verb. e.g. look at, look after, laugh at, Smile at etc
Other Types of Prepositions:
Explanation of preposition usage is tricky but not many rules. We have learned, Prepositions are words that connect nouns/pronouns/phrases.
Simple Prepositions
Compound Prepositions
Double Prepositions
Participle Prepositions
1. Simple Prepositions:
Simple prepositions are used in the simple sentences. Some of the simple prepositions are listed below paragraph.
Simple prepositions words are in, on, at, about, over, under, off, of, for, to, by, from, in, into, out, till, up, upon, with, down etc.
The simple prepositions are short words, which are used in simple sentences.
E.g.
She sat on the sofa.
He is going to the market.
He fell off the ladder.
There is some water in the bottle.
She is about seven.
They sat around the table.
The cat was hiding under the bed.
I am not coming with you.
She is in the park.
We are going to the market
She dived into the water.
The Pakistani players were genius from the beginning of the tournament.
I am not going with her.
She is waiting in the park.
Dad is going to the market.
I am from New Jersey.
The moon does not shine by its own light.
The whale dived into the water creating a massive splash.
I am from New Jersey.
My niece is suffering from flu.
I am working hard at Geography.
2. Compound Prepositions:
Compound prepositions are used to join two nouns, pronouns or phrases. These prepositions are made by prefixing the preposition to a noun, an adjective or an adverb.
Compound prepositions are formed by adding the prepositions. These are added to the front of an adverb, a noun, or an adjective. Compound prepositions words are without, within, inside, outside, into, beneath, below, behind, between, above, around, along, across, about, beside, beyond, outside, within, without, amongst, amidst, along, without etc.
E.g.
There is something strange about him.
The cat is jumping around the seat.
The car pulled along the driveway.
Our dog stayed outside our home in his kennel.
The children ran around the bench.
There is a friendly mouse inside my cupboard.
Her beauty is beyond imagination.
Once upon a time, there was a brave princess.
I will finish the lunch before
I want to know about priya
He fell into the river.
She sat between her kids.
He sat beside her.
There is nothing inside the jar.
The teacher stood behind the desk.
The boy ran across the road.
3. Double Prepositions:
The Double prepositionis words having two prepositions. Prepositions are joined together to connect nouns, pronouns, and phases with other words in a sentence. It creates the new one by joining two prepositions.
When two prepositions are used together, they are called Double Prepositions. Sometimes a Compound Preposition is formed by joining two words. Double Prepositions are always two separate words.
Double prepositions words are out of, from behind, from beneath, up to, next to, because of, according to, into, onto, outside of, out of, within etc.
E.g.
Nobody outside of this class should know about the plan.
According to the news reporter, the weather will be cloudy today.
Next to skiing my favorite sport is skating.
We need to solve three questions out of ten.
Zeal is something that comes from within a person.
4. Participle Preposition:
A participle preposition is a participle, which acts as a preposition. Participle words end with -ed or -ing verb.
Participle preposition words are provided, respected, regarding, during, pending, not withstanding, concerning, given, barring, considering, assuming.
E.g.
I get sick during the summer season.
I would like to speak regarding healthy food.
My project work is still pending.
I think I can pass the exam easily considering my hard work.
What is Preposition?
The preposition is one of the important parts of speech in English grammar. It is very essential while making a sentence. It provides additional and necessary details.
Prepositions words giving information to the readers, such as where something takes place when something takes place, why something takes place, general descriptive information etc.
Note: Prepositions work in the group of words and do not stand alone. Group of words is also called prepositional phrases.
List of Preposition Words:
There are hundreds of prepositions. We use Preposition to show the relationship between noun and pronoun in the sentences. We always use the preposition before a noun or pronoun to show the relation between noun and pronoun in the sentences.
List of preposition words are After, without, since, down, by, beyond, with, until, like, across, underneath, under, toward, at, along, to, among, before, around, outside, into, inside, behind, near, of, opposite, onto, on, off, in, from, for, except, during, within, upon, up, through, between, besides, beside, beneath, below, against, above, out, till, between, next to, of, by, above, over, with, to, at, down, on, in, out etc
Let’s see the example with an explanation.
My class teacher laughed. (This is a correct sentence,but does not provide much detail about the situation without a preposition word)
My class teacher laughed at the joke.
It is a box for rice.(Preposition word is showing the relationship between box and rice)
I saw a cat under the table. (Preposition word is showing the relationship between cat and table)
A preposition shows where, when or how the action took place in a sentence. Let’s see a few examples because what explains better than an example.
E.g.
The dog was sleeping on the table
I and my sister lives in Chicago
She looked at the window
The program will be held on 21st of November
He was waiting for you
Who is knocking at the door?
She came by bus
The glass is on the table.
Roland is very fond of ice-cream.
The mouse jumped off the table.
The paper plane flew above the ground.
Christine danced with Christopher.
I wake up every day in the morning at 7:30 am.
Additional Information:
Adjectives with Preposition
Adjectives with Preposition means adjectives used with preposition. Specific adjective and preposition words are used together to make a certain meaning.
Adjective preposition words are based on, ready for, aware of, attached to, pleased with, opposed to, responsible for, addicted to, answerable to, annoyed with, anxious about, happy about/for, afraid of, identical with/to, similar to etc
E.g.
I am so excited about it! (excited and about go together).
Prepositional Verb:
A combination of a verb and a preposition is called prepositional verb. A verb followed by a preposition.
Some verbs need particular prepositions to be used after them in sentences having a direct object. Such a verb with its required preposition is called a prepositional phrase.
If a word is used as a preposition, it will have a noun or pronoun as its object. Some words can be used as an adverb. Adverbs, on the other hand, do not have objects. Prepositional verb words are used to modify a verb, adjective or another adverb.
Preposition and Object in a Sentence:
She sat in the armchair. (In – preposition; object - armchair)
Please come in. (In – adverb; no object)
He stood before me. (Before – preposition; object – me)
I have seen him before. (Before – adverb; no object)
She put the book on the table. (On – preposition; object – the table)
Let’s move on. (On – adverb; no object)
He will return after a month. (After – preposition; object – a month)
Published by : Rajashekar on
4/05/2023 12:32:00 pm
Adjective Definition and Examples:
Adjectives are words that modify nouns, pronouns, and other adjectives. A word or noun which adds meaning to noun or pronoun is called as an adjective.
It is also called as noun-helper. Adjectives answer questions like what kind, how many, and which one?. The adjective words are every, small, blue, sharp, the, my.
E.g.
He is going fast.
Adjectives examples in sentences:
The quick white dog jumps over the lazy person.
He is an honest person
A boy present in the class
An umbrella
The people
What are the Different Kinds of Adjectives:
The adjective is one of the 8 parts of speech. I am going to cover, 13 kinds of adjectives in English. Different types of the adjectives are described below with definition and examples.
Here are the different types of adjectives. Let’s see one by one,
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Articles are used to describe which noun you’re referring to. Maybe thinking of them as adjectives will help you learn which one to use and there are three articles in the English language a, an, and the.
Articles are their own part of speech, they’re technically also adjectives.
The word the is called the definite article. It’s the only definite article, and it is used to indicate very specific people or things.
A — It is used singular, general item.
An — It is used singular, general item. Use this before words that start with a vowel.
The — It is used for singular or plural, specific item.
E.g.
The elephants left huge footprints in the sand.
An elephant can weigh over 6,000 pounds!
The days are getting longer.
An apple a day keeps the doctor away.
You must consult a doctor for the checkup.
2. Proper Adjective:
An adjective that is formed from a proper noun is called proper Adjective.
E.g.
I want to talk about American culture and tourists.
He is an Australian citizen.
I like Pakistani dishes.
3. Distributive Adjective:
This Adjective expresses the distributive state of nouns or Distributive adjectives describe specific members out of a group.
Distributive adjective common words are Each, Every, Either, Neither, and Any.
Each — Every single one of a group.
Every — Every single one of a group (used to make generalizations).
Either — One between choices of two.
Neither — Not one or the other between choices of two.
Any — One or anything, any number, any choices.
E.g.
The answers are worth 20 points each.
Every day is a good day if you think of positive changes.
You can park on either side of the street.
Every rose has its thorn.
I don’t like either song.
4. Demonstrative Adjectives:
Demonstrative adjectives answer the question which one? They point out particular nouns. It is used for a different purpose. Demonstrative adjective words come before the modifying word.
Demonstrative adjectives are used to indicate or demonstrate specific things, animals, or peoples.
The demonstrative adjective words are this, that, those, and what.
This — Used to refer to a singular noun close to you.
That — Used to refer to a singular noun far from you.
These — Used to refer to a plural noun close to you.
Those — Used to refer to a plural noun. It away from you.
E.g.
That is my bag.
He bought that book
I like this food very much.
I really like playing with these
Those flowers are looking very beautiful.
I think you’ll find these more comfortable than those.
How long have you been living in this country?
Is that your bag?
Take this job and shove it.
I love that new dress.
Who are those people?
This dog had no tail.
That pig has a curly tail.
These trousers are now too tight for me.
Those monkeys are noisy.
This house is mine, and that one used to be mine until I sold it.
These books belong on that
This movie is my favorite.
Please put those cookies on the blue plate.
5. Possessive Adjectives:
Possessive adjectives, which we use to point out the noun, belong to someone. This Adjective expresses the state of possession of nouns is known as a possessive adjective. Possessive adjectives show possession or ownership.
Possessive adjectives are like possessive pronouns but act as adjectives.
Possessive adjectives never use an apostrophe. We use an apostrophe. But when we use the possessive adjective in place of a noun there is a tendency to want to use the apostrophe.
A possessive adjective also called a possessive determiner Expresses possession of a noun by someone or something by modifying the noun. Possessive adjectives also function as possessive pronouns.
Possessive adjectives singular words are my, your, his, her, its.
Possessive adjectives plural words are our, your, their, their, their.
As the name indicates, possessive adjectives are used to indicate possession. They are My, Your, His, Her, Its, Our, Their, Mine, His, Hers, Theirs, Yours, Ours.
Let’s see meaning of possession words.
My — Belonging to me
His — Belonging to him
Her — Belonging to her
their — Belonging to them
Your — Belonging to you
Our — Belonging to us
E.g.
This is our school.
It is her.
Your dog is very kind.
Where’s my passport?
The cat is sitting on its tail.
Please concentrate on your mistakes.
We are going to her home.
I am playing his computer game.
I spent my afternoon painting the toilet.
This must be your missing pencil.
His arms have a few tattoos.
Its skin is dry and rough.
Our grandmothers were classmates.
Saying that’s my is incorrect saying that’s mine is perfectly fine.
Note: Word comes with noun then it is called adjective. A word replaces noun then it is called pronoun.
6. Interrogative Adjectives:
It is placed before the noun in the sentence. Interrogative adjectives are followed by a noun or a pronoun. It is used to form questions.
Interrogative adjectives ask questions and are always followed by a noun.
Another type of adjective is the interrogative adjective. Interrogative adjectives include the words which and what. Which, what and whose are only considered adjectives if they’re immediately followed by a noun.
Interrogative question words are who or how aren’t adjectives. Since they don’t modify the nouns.
Interrogative adjective words are where, which, what, and whose.
The interrogative adjective meanings are,
Which — Asks to make a choice between options?
What — Asks to make a choice (in general).
Whose — Asks whom something belongs to.
E.g.
Where did I say I was going?
What assignment did you miss out?
Which is your favorite game?
Whose lunch box is this?
Which of the applicants has got the job?
It’s the house whose door is painted red.
What is your name?
Which company do you want to invest in?
What bank do you trust with your money?
What movie are you watching?
Which plants should be placed over here?
You can say whose coat is this?
But you can’t say who coat?
Which song will you play on your wedding day?
What pet do you want to get?
Whose child is this?
7. Adjective of Quality or Descriptive Adjective:
Adjective of quality is also known as the descriptive adjective. It describes the nature and attribute of nouns or pronouns.
Adjective showing the kind or quality of nouns or pronouns are called Adjective of Quality.
Descriptive adjectives give the quite better idea to understand the characteristics of noun or pronoun by answering the question. The most common type of adjective is the descriptive adjective.
These adjectives add information and qualities to the words they’re modifying.
Descriptive adjective words are red, round, friendly, and salty, bulky, thin, large, kind, fat, honest, ugly, smart, careless, black, small, long, fat, beautiful, dangerous, excited, sad, black, white, big, beautiful, silly, tall, annoying, loud and nice.
E.g.
The large, yellow house is on the corner.
Dangerous chemicals
Green vegetables
A cold morning
A powerful motorbike
We had a wonderful time last night.
You look very smart in that suit.
Did you have a nice time?
Note: Remember that adjectives modify or describe nouns only and not verbs.
8. Attributive Adjectives:
Size and shape adjectives tell us about objective qualities, measurable.
Attributive Adjective words are square, round, slow, small, large, poor, and wealthy.
Color adjective words are pink, yellow, blue, and green.
Material adjective words are cotton, gold, wool.
Qualifier adjective words are the log cabin, luxury car, and pillow cover.
9. Definite Adjective:
An adjective which is definite is known as the definite adjective>. Why definite? Because it is clear and showing how many or who are they. It gives us an exact number.
E.g.
He stood seventh in his class.
There is a college holiday on the second August.
10. Indefinite Adjectives:
An adjective which is not definite is known as the indefinite adjective. Why indefinite? Because it is not clear how many or who are they.
The indefinite adjective words are few, several, no, many, and any.
E.g.
Some of the players were tired after the match.
A few people wanted to get the tickets.
Many people feel that the law should be changed.
Some people wanted to buy stocks.
Many people wanted to buy bonds.
A few people wanted to buy gold.
Do we have any peanut butter?
Grandfather has been retired for many
I usually read the first few pages of a book before I buy it.
11. Coordinate Adjective:
Coordinate adjectives are separated with commas. If and works, then the adjectives are coordinate and need to be separated by a comma.
Coordinate adjective words are dull, nice, rainy day, dark, bright, sunny day and long, dark night and stormy night.
E.g.
The sign had big, bold, and bright letters.
They can be rearranged in a series.
She was a very honest, smart, loving human being.
12 Non-coordinate Adjective:
Non-coordinate adjectives, which do not make any sense after inserting commas or and in between. Non-coordinate adjectives do not use commas.
E.g.
I have three healthy active children. (This sentence makes a sense and is grammatically correct)
I have active three healthy children. (This sentence does not make sense and grammatically incorrect)
I have active and healthy and three children. (This sentence does not make sense and grammatically incorrect)
13. Adjective of Number/ Numeral Adjective:
Numerical adjectives are two types,
Definite numerical adjective.
Indefinite numerical adjective
Quantitative adjectives describe the quantity of something. Adjective of number is also known as the numeral adjective.
The adjective which shows the quantity of noun or pronoun is called the Adjective of Quantity.
E.g.
There are five boys in her class. (In this case, five is a numeral adjective that describes the number of boys.)
I have seen few people eating rice.
Many people come every year to visit the fair.
I didn’t have enough clothes to last a week.
There’s still some wine in the bottle.
I have got hardly any money.
I can’t believe I ate that whole cake!
Students must enter in twos or threes.
She’s having a party on her twenty-first.
He has eaten three apples.
I don't have enough pocket money.
They brought along a few sandwiches.
There is a little dust on the bookshelf.
There are some birds in the tree.
We have much wine for the guests.
This long, thin centipede has many legs.
Twenty-one students failed the exam.
The plants need more water.
i) Definite Numeral Adjective:
As the name suggests, this kind of adjective answers the question, How many ? or How much ?
Definite numeral adjectives are quantitative adjectives that give exact number amounts
Definite numeral adjective words are two, seven, thirty, first, and ninth.
Definite numerical adjectives are two types,
1. Cardinals – 1, 2, 3 (how many)
One, two, three, four, five, six, etc numbers are known as cardinals.
We can ask the question how many ? To noun and get definite numeral adjectives in cardinal form.
Definite adjective examples in the cardinal form:
There are three books on the table.
There is only one solution to this problem.
He shared his experience with four persons.
Priya ate two bananas.
Ten chairs are kept in a row.
I purchased three dresses for my daughter.
The teacher asked us to bring six notebooks on tomorrow.
I saw two people playing football.
2. Ordinals – 1st, 2nd (in which row)
First, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, etc are known as ordinals.
These definite adjectives also express an exact number in the ordinal form that is first, second, third, fourth etc.
Definite adjective examples in the ordinal form:
Always take the second opinion.
He stood fourth in his class.
Today is their seventh marriage anniversary.
Children day is celebrated on fourteenth November.
There is a bank holiday on twentieth October
.
It was the tenth football match in the city.
ii) Indefinite Numeral Adjective:
It only gives a general idea of that number. An indefinite numeral adjective does not show the exact numerical number.
Indefinite numeral adjective words are Several, all, few, any, some, many, some none, any, many, each, every, little, few, enough, all, half, no, great, all, no, few, many, and littleetc
E.g.
Little hope of his recovery (not much but some)
A little hope of his recovery (some but not much)
The little hope of his recovery (not much but everything)
Few hope of his recovery (some members)
A few hope of his recovery (no members)
The few hope of his recovery (Not many but some)
iii) Distributive Numeral Adjective:
Distributive numeral adjectives are followed by a singular noun and a singular verb. Sometimes we use the plural noun and a singular verb by using either of, every one of, and each of, either of.
Distributive numeral adjective words are each, either, neither, every, another, other etc.
E.g.
Each leg has four fingers and one toe.
Every child needs care and love.
Either method is wrong.
Neither method is correct.
Either of the methods is wrong.
Neither of the methods is correct.
Compound Nouns
Orange juice (Adj) - the compound noun
Sports car (adj) - the compound noun
Italian coffee shop (adj) - the compound noun
Note: Some adjectives are acting like compound nouns:
Questions Related to Adjectives:
Let’s see some basic question and answers related to adjective. This article is also answering the basic questions and defining the related terms with various examples.
What is an adjective?
What are the functions of adjectives?
What are the degrees of adjectives?
What are the different kinds of adjectives?
What is an Adjective?
An adjective is a word that describes and modifies a noun, making your writing and speaking much more specific, and a whole lot more interesting.
Adjectives are used before the noun or pronoun to describe or modify. Some sentences contain multiple adjectives.
Adjective words are sweet, red, or technical.
E.g.
Your English is good enough.
Sorry, my English is not very good.
Brazil is the world’s largest producer of coffee.
What are the Functions of Adjectives:
Adjectives are words, which provides specialty to the noun or pronoun. An adjective is a part of speech which describes, identifies or quantifies a noun or a pronoun.
There are only three degrees of adjectives or levels of adjectives or degrees of comparison are positive, comparative, and superlative. All the degrees of adjectives are described below with proper examples.
i) Positive Degree:
A positive adjective is a normal adjective that’s used to describe, not compare.
The positive degree adjectives are used to talk about or describe only a single person, place, or thing.
E.g.
He is a smart boy.
It is a nice pen.
This is a good soup
I am funny
She is a beautiful lady.
It was a memorable trip.
ii) Comparative Degree:
Comparative degrees of adjectives are used when we compare two persons, places, or things. It is used to compare two things.
Comparative Degree Examples
Lovely - Lovelier
Happy - Happier
Pretty - Prettier
Tasty - Tastier
Lucky - Luckier
E.g.
This swimming pool is smaller than the last one.
You are more intelligent than your brother.
This soup is better than that salad
I am funnier than her
This swimming pool is bigger than that one.
Priya is more intelligent than Akhil.
Note: You can change the adjective to the comparative degree by replacing y with ier.
iii) Superlative Degree:
Superlative degrees are used to compare more than two things, persons or places to state that something is the most.
Superlative form of the word should be added before the adjective.
Superlative Degree Word Examples
Lovely - Loveliest
Pretty - Prettiest
Tasty - Tastiest
E.g.
I wear the clothes from the biggest store.
This is the most important moment of my life.
This is the best soup in the whole world
That is by far, the tallest tree I have ever seen in my entire life.
This is the most crucial match of the season.
Note: If the word is ending with y, then you should replace letter y with i, and then add the suffix -est.
Rules of Ordering Adjectives:
Generally, we can make a sentence by putting only one adjective in the sentence to know more details about the noun and pronoun.
We can place more than one adjective in the sentence. Now we have to think about the adjective order. You can arrange proper order by using rules of ordering adjectives. Here are the rules of ordering the adjectives.
Adjective order Structure:
Determines > Opinion > Size > Age > Shape > Color > Material > Origin > Purpose
E.g.
It is a small, nice, old, Italian, coffee, shop
Correct order: It is small, old, nice, coffe, shop.
1. Determiners:
We should first place the adjectives like article, possessive, demonstrative, numerical, quantifier, or distributive adjectives into the sentence. An example is given below using a numerical adjective first
E.g.
I have two good. (Correct.)
I have good two. (A sentence making no sense and grammatically incorrect.)
I have two good friends. (Good is quality or opinion adjective which follows after the numerical adjective.)
2. Opinion:
It describes an opinion of the noun. Opinion words are beautiful, unusual, lovely.
E.g.
She is beautiful.
3. Size:
It is describing the size of the noun. Size words are small, big, and tiny.
E.g.
I have two good little birds. (Little is the adjective describing the size of the noun.)
4. Age:
It describes the age of noun. Age words are new, old.
E.g.
I have a new car.
5. Shape:
In order to describe the shape of the noun, we can use a variety of object shapes.
Shape words are circle, square, triangle, rectangle etc.
E.g.
Whiteboard is the rectangle in shape.
6. Color:
We can add color adjective to the sentence after shape adjective.
E.g.
I have two soft big new circular red mats. (This sentence is long, so we can write creatively and add some attributes of the noun in the separate sentence.)
7. Material:
It is the description of material or about the material. Materials words are rubber, wood, and plastic.
E.g.
I have two soft little rubbers.
8. Origin:
The place, where the item is purchased or manufactured by the use of adjectives.
E.g.
I have two soft big new circular red balls from the North. (This sentence is unclear, just showing the place of purchase.)
Published by : Rajashekar on
4/01/2023 02:35:00 pm
Interjections Definition:
An interjection is used to express sentiment of the speaker or sudden emotions like surprise, joy, excitement, disgust, enthusiasm, sorrow, approval, calling, attention etc
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Interjection for greeting is used to indicate emotion of warmth towards the other person when they meet. Interjection for greeting words are Hello! , Hey! , Hi! Etc.
E.g.
Hey! Good to see you today.
Hello! I am Jane.
Hi! Would you like to have a cup of coffee?
Hey! Nice to see you here at the party.
Hello! I am Pooja.
2. Interjection for Joy:
If you want to show feelings of happiness or excitement or immediate emotion or immediate joy in the sentence then you can use words like Wow! Hurray! Hurrah! Ha!
E.g.
Wow! That’s great news.
Hurray! We won the football match.
Ha! Today I am very happy.
Wow! It is a beautiful place to stay.
Hurray! My team won the game.
Wow! I passed the exam.
Hurrah! We’ve got another day off.
Wow! You are looking gorgeous.
Hurray! We successfully won this football match.
3. Interjection for Approval and Praise
When you want to express your feelings of approval and agreement on something that happened for any task when you use these Interjection words like well done! O.K! Bravo!
E.g.
Well done! Your assignment is really good.
Bravo! You did a great job.
Well done! You performed you best.
Bravo! The trophy is yours.
Well done! You got the job.
Bravo! He made the goal.
Brilliant! You scored 99% percent in the exams.
Well done! You win the race.
Bravo! The first rank is yours this year.
4. Interjection for Attention:
Interjection for attention is used in the sentence to draw the attention of attendance then you use these Interjection words like Listen! Look! Behold! Hush.
E.g.
Listen! To me, you cannot do this at all.
Behold! The bride comes.
Look! You so arrogant.
Listen! I have never copied you.
Behold! Someone strange is there.
5. Interjection for Surprise:
Interjection for surprise is used to express a feeling or strong sense of being surprised, you can use words like What! Well! Hey! Eh! Oh! Whoa! Ha!, Ah!, Gosh, Wow etc.
E.g.
Hey! I can’t believe you are right here with me.
What! He attempted suicide.
What! Is it true that you are leaving this school?
Oh! Really you killed a snake, I can’t believe this.
What! His mother died!
Ah! I got promoted.
Eh! That sounds so disgusting.
What! You failed.
Oh! Really you completed the task, I can't believe.
Ah! I got the new job.
6. Interjection for Sorrow or Pain:
When you want to express feelings of sadness in the sentence, then you can use words like Alas! Ah! Oh! Ouch!
E.g.
Alas! She is no more.
Ouch! I cut my finger.
Ah! I have lost my sister’s bag.
Alas! She has failed in the exam.
Alas! He is no more.
Ouch! It's very painting
7. Interjections for Grief/Pain:
Interjection for grief/pain is used to expresses a strong emotion of grief on something unfortunate that happened.
Interjections for grief/pain words are Alas! , Ah! , Oh! , Ouch! Etc.
E.g.
Alas! He is dead.
Ouch! I hurt my foot.
Ah! The pain of injection.
8. Interjections for Bidding Farwell:
Interjections for Bidding Farwell is used by the speaker to bid farewell or say good-bye. Interjections for bidding farwell words are Bye!, goodbye! farewell! Etc.
E.g.
Good-bye! we are leaving.
Bye! I have to leave for now.
9. Interjections for Expressing Doubt or Hesitation:
These interjections are used by the speaker when they are unsure and thinking of what to say next. Interjections for Expressing Doubt or Hesitation words are Hmm, Uh, Er Etc.
E.g.
Hmm, I am not really sure what happened.
10. Interjections for Express Calling:
When you call someone for any reason then you use these Interjection words like Halloo! Ho!
E.g.
Hello! Why are you looking here?
Hello! Mark, please come with me.
What is an Interjection?
Interjection words have fixed meanings, whenever they are used. They usually come at the beginning of a sentence and do not have a direct grammatical relation with the rest of the sentence. Interjection words are used anywhere in the sentence.
The interjection is one of the parts of speech. Mostly Interjection words are used at the beginning of a sentence.
A comma or an exclamation mark is used after the interjection word in a sentence. An interjection sometimes called as the exclamation. It is used to signify a specific emotion or sentiment on the part of the speaker or the feeling of the author.
Interjections are short exclamations like Oh!, Uh, Um, Wow!, Yikes!, or Ah!.
Interjections can stand alone.
The interjection is a big name for a little word.
Interjections are like emoticons.
Interjection List:
The lists of interjections used in the English language are extremely long, just like the list of adverbs or adjectives. The list of Interjections words are Oy, yum, huh, oops, hark, dear, wow, hey, aww, aah, ahh, eh, hurrah, oh, oops, ouch, shh, uh, yeah, yippe, haha etc
Types of Interjections:
Interjection for Greeting - Hello! , Hey! , Hi! Etc
Interjection for Joy - Hurrah! , Hurray! , Wow! Etc Hurrah! Ha! Ha! Wow!
Interjection for Approval - Bravo! , Brilliant! , Well done! O.K!
Interjection for Attention - Listen! Look! Behold! Hush.
Interjection for Surprise - Ha! , Hey! , What! , Oh! , Ah! , Eh! Etc Well
Interjection for Sorrow - Ah! Ah me! Alas!
Interjections for Grief/Pain - these include: Alas! , Ah! , Oh! , Ouch! Etc
Interjections for Bidding Farwell
Interjections for Expressing Doubt or Hesitation
Interjections for Express Calling - Halloo! Ho!
A to Z List of Interjections:
A: aha, ahem, ahh, ahoy, alas, argh, aww, achoo, absolutely, alrighty, amen, anyhoo, anytime, attagirl, awful, attaboy, as if, anyhow B: bam, bingo, blah, boo, bravo, brrr, behold, bless you, bye C: cheers, congratulations, come on, chin up D: dang, drat, darn, duh, dear, doh, dear me E: eek, eh, Eureka, encore, easy does it F: fiddlesticks, fair enough, fiddle-dee-dee, fooey G: gadzooks, gee, gee whiz, golly, goodbye, goodness, good grief, gosh, geepers, good job, great H: ha-ha, hallelujah, hello, hey, hmmm, holy buckets, holy cow, holy smokes, holy dog, huh?, humph, hurray, hi, hooray I: indeed, is it, I say J: jeez, just kidding, just a sec, just wondering M: my gosh, meh, most certainly, my my, my word N: no, now, Nah, no thanks, never, no way O: oh, oh dear, oh my, oh well, oops, ouch, ow, okey-dokey, oopsey, oyez P: phew, phooey, pooh, pow, please, pff, peace, psst R: rats, ready, right, right on, Roger, roger that, rumble S: shhh, shoo, shoot, shucks, see ya, sleep tight, snap, sorry, sssh, sup, sigh, shame T: thanks, there, tut-tut, ta-da, there there, time out, toodles, touche, tsk, tsk-tsk U: uh-oh, uh-huh, ugh, umm, urgh V: very well, voila, vroom W: wahoo, well, whoa, whoops, wow, whatever, whee, when, wuzzup, why Y: yeah, yes, yikes, yippee, yo, yuck, yay, yoo-hoo, you bet, you don't say, you know, yow, yum, yummy Z: zap, zounds, zowie, zzz, zing.
Some Interjections with Meanings and Examples:
Wow Ha - Express happiness Wow! That’s great thing.Ha! now
Alas Ah - Express unhappiness Alas! He is dad now. Ah! I have lost the friend.
Oh! What! Well - Express surprise Oh, What a great person is he? What! Are you coming tomorrow?
Well done!O.K! - To give Approval Well done! You solved this problem. O.K! This project is over.
Halloo! Ho! - To call someone Halloo! Where are you going? Ho! Are you talking to me?
Listen!Look!Behold!Hush - Express attention Listen! All of you come here. Look! You have to do this job. Behold! I am coming with you.
Published by : Rajashekar on
3/29/2023 06:00:00 am
Definition of Conjunction:
The conjunction is the part of speech used as a joiner for words, phrases, or clauses in a particular sentence. The conjunction joins different parts of speeches together. Different kinds of conjunctions join different kinds of grammatical structures.
Here is a Conjunctions List,1. Coordinating Conjunction, 2. Subordinating Conjunction, 3. Correlative Conjunction
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Coordination conjunctions are most common and simplest. It joins words, phrases, and clauses as an equal grammatical component. Coordinating conjunctions are called as coordinators.
Coordinating conjunctions connect two words or groups of words with similar values. They may connect two words, two phrases, two independent clauses or two dependent clauses.
coordinating conjunctions adds words to words, phrases to phrases, classes to clauses. between items joined, not at the beginning or end.
a) Coordination Conjunction Joins Two Equal Parts of a Sentence:
Word + word
Phrase + phrase
Clause + clause
Independent clause + independent clause
b) Examples of Connecting Two Words:
Raja and Rani stayed up all night practicing their guitars.
She likes ice cream and juice.
c) Examples of Connecting Two Phrases:
The squirrel scurried up the tree trunk and onto a low branch.
He may be in the room or on the roof.
d) Examples of Connecting Two Clauses:
Several managers sat with their backs to us, and I could almost hear them snickering at us lowly workers.
What you do and what you listen to sitting alone.
e) Examples of Two Independent Clauses:
We can hardly wait to see the movie.
f) Examples of Joining Two Words of the Same Importance:
She likes pizza and burger. (pizza and burger)
I bought a bat and a ball. (bat and ball)
He may come by bike or car. (bike or car)
The conjunction joins two independent clauses. Independent clause is a clause which can stand alone as a sentence and have the complete thought on its own.
E.g.
I called him but he didn’t receive my call.
I advised him to quit smoking, but he didn’t respond.
He got ill, so he thought he should consult the doctor.
He shouted for help, but nobody helped him.
A comma is used with conjunction if the clauses are long or not well balanced. Coordinating conjunctions come between words. If both clauses have the same subjects, the subject of the 2nd clause may not be written again.
E.g.
She worked well and got the reward.
The player stopped and kicked the ball.
He got ill but didn’t go to the doctor.
Maryam opened the book and started to read.
Pizza and burgers are my favorite snacks.
aliens and predators
by the beach or on the hill
what you see and what you get
spiders, snakes, and scorpions
in the bedroom, in the garage, or at the garden
Cats and dogs are animals. (Connecting two words)
We wanted to walk in the forest or on the hill. (Connecting two phrases)
They went to the park and had a picnic. (Connecting two clauses
I wanted to go but decided to stay. (Contrast)
Would you rather go shopping or spend the day at the beach? (Decision)
The comma is required when connecting two independent clauses.
I liked the car, but I could not afford to buy it.
Coordinating conjunction words are and, or, for, so, but, yet and nor.
To remember seven coordinating conjunctions, Follow FANBOYS shortcut. Here F for For, A for And, N for Nor, B for But, O for Or, Y for Yet, S for So.
2. Subordinating Conjunction:
subordinating conjunctions are different from coordinating conjunctions. It connect an independent clause to a dependent clause. These conjunctions occur in a sentence where the dependent clause would not work on its own.
The subordinating conjunction words are after, although, as,as far as, as if, as soon as, because, before, even if, how, if, in case, in that, no matter how, now that, once, provided, since, so that, supposing, though, unless, until, when, wherever, whether, while, as soon as, although, before, even if, because, no matter how, whether, wherever, when, until, after, as if, how, if, provided, in that, once, supposing, while, unless, in case, as far as, now that, as, so that, though, since,
Lets see conjunction sentences below.
E.g.
We were happy because our team won.
Because our team won, we were happy.
It is so cold outside, so I brought you a jacket.
This is not only fun, but also interesting.
Subordinating conjunctions are called as subordinators. It joins the subordinate clause (dependent clause) to the main clause.
Main Clause + Subordinate Clause
Subordinate Clause + Main Clause
The subordinate clause is a combination of words (subject and verb) which cannot stand alone as a complete sentence. The subordinate clause is also called a dependent clause because it is dependent on the main clause.
The Subordinate clause usually starts with a relative pronoun (which, who, that, whom etc). The subordinate clause gives more information in relation to the main clause to complete the meaning.
The subordinating conjunction joins a subordinate clause to the main clause. Subordinating conjunction always come before the subordinate clause, no matter the subordinate clause is before the main clause or after the main clause.
E.g.
He does not go to the library because he is not well.
I will call you after I reach my home.
I bought some gifts while I was coming from my office.
They played football although it was raining.
Although it was raining, they played football.
As far as I know, this situation is very tough.
I have gone to every concert since I lived in London.
You can get high grades in exam provided that you work hard for it.
3. Correlative Conjunctions:
The correlative conjunctions are simply pairs of conjunctions which are used to join equal sentence elements together.
Correlative conjunctions are always used in pairs. These pairs of conjunctions require equal (parallel) structures after each one.
The correlative conjunction words are either… or, neither… nor, not only… but also, both… and, whether… or, so… as etc.
E.g.
Both red and yellow are attractive colors.
I like neither tea nor coffee.
What is the Conjunction:
Conjunctions are the words that decide the importance of the various other words in the sentence. All conjunctions served as a unique purpose.
Conjunction words are and, but, or, nor, for, yet, so, although, because, since, unless, when, while, where etc.
1. Single Word Conjunctions
Single-word Conjunctions are having one word i.e. and, but, yet, because etc.
2. Compound Conjunctions
Compound Conjunctions are having two or more words i.e. as long as, as far as, as well as, in order that, even if, so that etc
Example of Conjunction Sentences:
He tried but did not succeed.
He thought for a moment and kicked the ball.
I waited for him but he didn’t come.
You will remain ill unless you take medicine.
We didn’t go to the market because it was raining outside.
The conjunctive adverb is not a real conjunction, this kind of words functions as conjunctions in a sentence.
Conjunctive adverb words are however, therefore, on the contrary, hence, in fact, otherwise, as a result, indeed,still, thus, on the other hand, furthermore, instead, incidentally, after all, finally, likewise, meanwhile, consequently.
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